Interaction between Demand-Control and Social Support in the Occurrence of Common Mental Disorders

Amália Ivine Santana Mattos et al

Keywords: Common Mental Disorders, Occupational Health, Social Support, Demand-Control Model, Mental Health

The Study: This cross-sectional study examined the interaction between psychological demand, job control, and social support in the occurrence of common mental disorders (CMD) among primary health care workers in five municipalities in Bahia, Brazil, in 2012. The sample included 2,532 workers, and CMD were assessed using the SRQ-20.

Main Findings: The overall prevalence of CMD was 21%. Workers exposed to both high job strain (high demand and low control) and low social support had a prevalence of 28%, compared to 17% in the unexposed group. Results showed a synergistic interaction between high strain and low support, with combined effects greater than the sum of individual effects.

Practical Implications: Findings highlight the need for workplace interventions that reduce psychological strain and enhance social support. Organizational policies should consider the joint impact of psychosocial factors to prevent CMD and promote worker well-being.

Reference: Mattos, A. I. S., Araújo, T. M., & Almeida, M. M. G. (2017). Interaction between demand-control and social support in the occurrence of common mental disorders. Revista de Saúde Pública, 51, 48. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.2017051006446

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